The objective of this study is to examine the social process at work in the defense of natural resources from the perspective of the indigenous women involved in it. Given the country’s broad cultural diversity and the time limits for completing this report, we assumed right from the start that it would be impossible to cover the entire territory of Guatemala. Therefore, we focused on three case studies that include the analyses of indigenous women involved in the defense of natural resources with civil society groups and organizations in specific places and at specific times. The interviews were conducted and the draft report written between April and July 2009. It was revised in the second half of 2009. Editing and publication took place in the first half of 2010.